Subverting the rules in sport
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/1982-8918.143364Keywords:
Sport, Ethics, Sportspersonship, Sport RulesAbstract
What does it mean to subvert the rules in sport? One way of doing so is to interfere with or curb the display of skill of your opponent by a) breaking the rules deliberately and openly or b) by acting contrary to the idea of sportspersonship. In both instances you violate the norm that displaying/exercising your game-related skills is central for a good contest. In the former you incorporate the penalty rules into the playing rules, i.e. you act as if breaking the rules is part of playing the game. In the latter you adopt a (new) strategy which curbs the display of skill by your opponent, a strategy about which the rules are silent. The motivation for such acts is not to make the game better, but to ensure a win. In this paper I illustrate and analyse such rule subversion, with some reflections on game rules and the good contest.Downloads
References
ARNOLD, Peter J. Sport as a valued human practice: a basis for the consideration of some moral issues in sport. Journal of the Philosophy of Education, v. 26, n. 2, p. 237-255, 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.1992.tb00284.x
CARLSON, Chad; GLEAVES, John. Categorical shortcomings: application, adjudication, and contextual descriptions of game rules. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 38, n. 2, p. 197-211, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.2011.10510422
CHERRY, Christopher. Regulative rules and constitutive rules. The Philosophical Quarterly, v. 23, n. 93, p. 301-315, 1973. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2218059
D’AGOSTINO, Fred. The ethos of games. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 8, n. 1, p. 7-18, 1981. DOI: ttps://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.1981.9714372
FRALEIGH, Warren P. Why the good foul is not good. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, v. 53, n. 1, p. 41-42, 1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1982.10629279
FRALEIGH, Warren P. Intentional rules violations – one more time. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 30, n. 2, p. 166-176, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.2003.9714642
GREBERT-CRAIG, Brooke. Underarm bowling incident: what Trevor Chappell did in 1981. The New Daily, 2018. Available at: https://www.thenewdaily.com.au/sport/cricket/2018/03/28/underarm-bowling-incident. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024
HART, Herbert L. A. The concept of law. 2. ed. Oxford: OUP, 1997.
IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav. The strategic foul and contract law: efficient breach in sports? Fair Play: Revista de Filosofía, Ética y Derecho del Deporte, v. 12, p. 68-99, 2018. Available at: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/ejemplar/502838. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024.
IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav. The art of pushing: Olympic taekwondo. Idrottsforum, 2019. Available at: https://idrottsforum.org/feature-imbrisevic190523/. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024.
IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav. Why break the rules – in life and in sport? Idrottsforum, 2020a. Available at: https://idrottsforum.org/imbrisevic200617/. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024.
IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav. The language of strategic fouling. Idrottsforum, 2020b. Available at: https://idrottsforum.org/imbrisevic200928/. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024.
IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav. The jurisprudence of strategic fouling. In: IMBRIŠEVIĆ, Miroslav (ed.). Sport, law, and philosophy: the jurisprudence of sport. London: Routledge, 2023. p. 219-230.
JÜNGER, Friedrich. G. Die Spiele: ein Schlüssel zu ihrer Bedeutung. Frankfurt: Vittorio Klostermann, 1953.
KANT, Immanuel. Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Hamburg: Felix Meiner Verlag, 1998 [1787].
KOLNAI, Aurel. Games and aims. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, v. 66, p. 103-128, 1965. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4544725. Accessed on: Jan, 10, 2024.
McFEE, Graham. Sport, rules and values. London: Routledge, 2004.
MCINTOSH, Peter C. Fair play: ethics in sport and education. London: Heinemann, 1979.
MEIER, Klaus V. Restless sport. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 12, n. 1, p. 64-77, 1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.1985.9714430
MORGAN, William J. The logical incompatibility thesis and rules: a reconsideration of formalism as an account of games. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1-20, 1987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.1987.9714447
RAZ, Joseph. Practical reasons and norms. Oxford: OUP, 1999 [1975].
RUSSELL, John S. Are rules all an umpire has to work with? Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 26, n. 1, p. 27-49, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.1999.9714577
SEARLE, John. Speech acts: an essay in the philosophy of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.
ŠKERBIĆ, Matija M.; MARKOVIĆ, Milos; MANDIĆ, Radijov; PARRY, Jim. Empirical ethics of sport: intentional rule-breaking and professional players in the ABA basketball league. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy, 2024 (no prelo).
SUITS, Bernard. The Grasshopper: games, life and utopia. Peterborough: Canada, Broadview Press, 2005.
TORRES, Cesar R. What counts as part of a game? Reconsidering skills. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, v. 45, n. 1, p. 1-21, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.2017.1415150
VAMPLEW, Wray. Playing with the rules: influences on the development of regulation in sport. The International Journal of the History of Sport, v. 24, n. 7, p. 843-871, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360701311745
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Movimento

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Movimento adopts the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) for approved and published works. This means that authors:
- keep their copyrights and grant right of first publication to the journal; and
- as long as the authors’ names and Movimento’s initial publication rights are acknowledged, the authors may share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially).
