ORAL DRUG TREATMENT OF HYPERGLYCEMIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELITO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.126202Keywords:
type 2 DM treatment, oral hypoglycemic agents, glycemic controlAbstract
Diet, exercise and weight reduction are the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment, since most of these patients are obese. However, the majority of the individuals is not able to achieve and mantain a satisfactory glycemic control employing only these strategies, and the prescription of complementary pharmacological treatment is often necessary. The available oral agents for type 2 diabetes treatment are divided in 5 main classes: sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, alfa-glucosidase inhibitors and glinides. Phase II studies are presently in course, evaluating the safety and efficacy of new drugs. Metformin belongs to biguanides’ class, and is the drug with the best profile, since not only it lowers glycemia, but it also reduces appetite and weight, and , most of all, it is the only drug that diminishes mortality rates. Data regarding indications, mechanisms of action and adverse effects of the above mentioned drugs are describe in the present review.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Sandra Pinho Silveiro, Cristiane Leitão, Ariane Coester, Jorge Luiz Gross
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