Estudo descritivo dos comportamentos de vitimização e perpetração do bullying em adolescentes
Comparação entre as aulas de Educação Física e o contexto educacional geral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/1982-8918.135774Palavras-chave:
Bullying, Educação física, Prevenção, Ensino médioResumo
Vários estudos apontam a Educação Física como uma disciplina adequada para a prevenção do bullying. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar a perpetração e a vitimização que ocorrem em nível geral e na Educação Física no Ensino Médio. Método: o estudo foi realizado com 1.352 alunos de escolas públicas. Resultados: a análise dos resultados mostra diferenças na vitimização, com violência direta e verbal no contexto geral e insultos e exclusão na Educação Física; e na perpetração, com violência direta e verbal no contexto geral e insultos e agressões na Educação Física. Há uma menor ocorrência de bullying entre os alunos mais velhos e diferenças no tipo de bullying de acordo com o gênero, entre meninas e meninos. Conclusão: os comportamentos de vitimização e perpetração são reproduzidos de forma semelhante.Downloads
Referências
ATKINSON, Michael; KEHLER, Michael. Boys, bullying and biopedagogies in Physical Education. Thymos: Journal of Boyhood Studies, v. 6, n. 2, p. 166–185, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3149/thy.0601.166
BARZILAY, Shira et al. Bullying victimization and suicide ideation and behavior among adolescents in Europe: a 10-country study. Journal of Adolescent Health, v. 61, n. 2, p. 179–186, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.02.002
BEJEROT, Susanne et al. Poor motor skills: A risk marker for bully victimization. Aggressive Behavior, v. 39, n. 6, p. 453–461, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21489
BEJEROT, Susanne; EDGAR, Johan; HUMBLE, Mats B. Poor performance in physical education - a risk factor for bully victimization. A case-control study. Acta Paediatrica, v. 100, n. 3, p. 413–419, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.02016.x
BENÍTEZ-SILLERO, Juan de Dios et al. Analysis of bullying in physical education: descriptive study of Spanish adolescents. Behavioral Sciences, v. 14, n. 7, p. 555, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070555
BENÍTEZ-SILLERO, Juan de Dios et al. Intervention programme to prevent bullying in adolescents in physical education classes (PREBULLPE): a quasi-experimental study. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, v. 26, n. 1, p. 36–50, 2020a. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2020.1799968
BENÍTEZ-SILLERO, Juan de Dios et al. Prevention and educational intervention on bullying: physical education as an opportunity. Movimento, v. 26, p. e26091, 2020b. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22456/1982-8918.105169
BENÍTEZ-SILLERO, Juan de Dios; CÓRDOBA-ALCAIDE, Francisco. Autocontrol y competencia social en la educación física y el juego deportivo. In: ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosário; CÓRDOBA-ALCAIDE, Francisco (ed.). Educación Física y convivencia: oportunidades y desafíos en la prevención del acoso escolar. Madrid: La Muralla, 2020. p. 103–116.
BOROWIEC, Joanna et al. Victims and perpetrators of bullying in physical education lessons: the role of peer support, weight status, gender, and age in Polish adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, v. 37, n. 17–18, p. NP15726–NP15749, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211017257
CARNEY, Amy. G.; MERRELL, Kenneth W. Bullying in schools. School Psychology International, v. 22, n. 3, p. 364–382, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034301223011
CASTAÑEDA-VÁZQUEZ, Carolina et al. Posibles relaciones entre el bullying y la actividad física: una revisión sistemática. Journal of Sport and Health Research, v. 12, n. 1, p. 94–111, 2020. Available at: https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/JSHR/article/view/80796 Accessed on: Sept. 2, 2023
COHEN, Jacob. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York: Routledge, 1988. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
COOK, Clayton R. et al. Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, v. 25, n. 2, p. 65–83, 2010. DOI: https://doi/10.1037/a0020149
CÓRDOBA-ALCAIDE, Francisco; ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosário. Estrategias de intervención en bullying: la potencialidad de la Educación Física. In: ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosário; CÓRDOBA-ALCAIDE, Francisco (ed.). Educación Física y convivencia: oportunidades y desafíos en la prevención del acoso escolar. Madrid: La Muralla, 2020. p. 135–147.
CORREA, Míriam M. et al. Bullying, violence and Physical Education in public schools in Rio de Janeiro. Motricidade, v. 14, n. S1, p. 234–244, 2018.
CRAIG, Wendy et al. A cross-national profile of bullying and victimization among adolescents in 40 countries. International Journal of Public Health, v. 54, n. S2, p. 216–224, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-009-5413-9
DeLARA, Ellen W. Consequences of childhood bullying on mental health and relationships for young adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, v. 28, n. 9, p. 2379–2389, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1197-y
DÍAZ-AGUADO, Maria Jose; MARTÍNEZ, Rosario; MARTÍN, Javier. Estudio estatal sobre la convivencia escolar en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Madrid: Ministerio Educación, 2010. Available at: https://www.inclusion.gob.es/oberaxe/ficheros/documentos/EstudioEstatalConvivenciaEscolarESO_AvanceResultados.pdf. Accessed on: Sept. 2, 2023
FAGAN, Abigail A.; LINDSEY, Andrea M. Gender differences in the effectiveness of delinquency prevention programs. Criminal Justice and Behavior, v. 41, n. 9, p. 1057–1078, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854814539801
GANO-OVERWAY, Lori A. Exploring the connections between caring and social behaviors in Physical Education. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, v. 84, n. 1, p. 104–114, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2013.762322
GOODBOY, Alan K.; MARTIN, Matthew M.; GOLDMAN, Zachary W. Students’ experiences of bullying in high school and their adjustment and motivation during the first semester of college. Western Journal of Communication, v. 80, n. 1, p. 60–78, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2015.1078494
HUNT, Caroline; PETERS, Lorna; RAPEE, Ronald M. Development of a measure of the experience of being bullied in youth. Psychological Assessment, v. 24, n. 1, p. 156–165, 2012. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0025178
HURLEY, Vanessa; MANDINGO, James. Bullying in Physical Education: its prevalence and impact on the intention to continue secondary school physical education. PHEnex Journal, v. 2, n. 3, p. 1-19, 2010. Available at: https://ojs.acadiau.ca/index.php/phenex/article/view/1397. Accessed on: Sept. 2, 2023
JACHYRA, Patrick. Boys, bodies, and bullying in health and physical education class: implications for participation and well-being. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, v. 7, n. 2, p. 121–138, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/18377122.2016.1196112
JESINA, Ondrej et al. Relationship of exclusion from physical education and bullying in students with specific developmental disorder of scholastic skills. International Journal of Public Health, v. 67, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604161
JIMÉNEZ-BARBERO, José Antonio et al. Physical education and school bullying: a systematic review. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, v. 25, n. 1, p. 79–100, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2019.1688775
KOC, Yakup. Relationships between the Physical Education course sportsmanship behaviors with tendency to violence and empathetic ability (note 1). Journal of Education and Learning, v. 6, n. 3, p. 169 - 180, 2017. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v6n3p169
KUNTSCHE, Emmanuel et al. Television viewing and forms of bullying among adolescents from eight countries. Journal of Adolescent Health, v. 39, n. 6, p. 908–915, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.06.007
LANSFORD, Jennifer E. et al. Boys’ and girls’ relational and physical aggression in nine countries. Aggressive Behavior, v. 38, n. 4, p. 298–308, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21433
LEREYA, Suzet T. et al. Adult mental health consequences of peer bullying and maltreatment in childhood: two cohorts in two countries. The Lancet Psychiatry, v. 2, n. 6, p. 524–531, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00165-0
LITTLE, Todd D. et al. Disentangling the “whys” from the “whats” of aggressive behaviour. International Journal of Behavioral Development, v. 27, n. 2, p. 122–133, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000128
LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ, Paula et al. Child-to-parent violence, peer victimization and cybervictimization in Spanish adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 18, n. 17, p. 9360, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179360
MENESINI, Ersilia; SALMIVALLI, Christina. Bullying in schools: the state of knowledge and effective interventions. Psychology, Health & Medicine, v. 22, n. sup1, p. 240–253, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2017.1279740
MONTERO-CARRETERO, Carlos; BARBADO, David; CERVELLÓ, Eduardo. Predicting bullying through motivation and teaching styles in Physical Education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 17, n. 1, p. 87, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010087
MUELLMANN, S. et al. Wirksamkeit von schulbasierten Interventionen zur Prävention und/oder Reduktion psychosozialer Probleme bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Ein Review von Reviews. [Effectiveness of school-based interventions for the prevention and/or reduction of psychosocial problems among children and adolescents: a review of reviews]. Das Gesundheitswesen, v. 79, n. 4, p. 252–260, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108648
NGUYEN, Amanda J. et al. Prevalence and correlates of bullying victimization in four low-resource countries. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, v. 35, n. 19–20, p. 3767–3790, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517709799
OLWEUS, D. Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1993.
ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosario; DEL REY, Rosario; CASAS, José Antonio. Evaluar el bullying y el cyberbullying validación española del EBIP-Q y del ECIP-Q. Psicología Educativa, v. 22, n. 1, p. 71–79, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2016.01.004
POLANCO, Camila et al. Relational peer victimization as a predictor of academic engagement. Journal of Child and Family Studies, v. 32, n. 7, p. 1882-1894, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02470-3
QUINTANA-ORTS, Cirenia; REY, Lourdes; NETO, Félix. Are loneliness and emotional intelligence important factors for adolescents? Understanding the influence of bullying and cyberbullying victimisation on suicidal ideation. Psychosocial Intervention, v. 30, n. 2, p. 67–74, 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5093/pi2020a18
ROMERA, Eva M. et al. Competencia social y bullying: el papel de la edad y el sexo. Educación XX1, v. 25, n. 1, p. 309–333, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.30461
ROMERA-FÉLIX, Eva María; ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosario; DEL REY, Rosario et al. Bullying, cyberbullying y dating violence: Estudio de la gestión de la vida social en estudiantes de Primaria y Secundaria de Andalucía. Actualidad. Centro de estudios Andaluces, v. 75, p. 1–32, 2017. Available at: https://www.centrodeestudiosandaluces.es/datos/publicaciones/Actualidad75.pdf. Accessed on: Sept. 2, 2023
RUEGER, Sandra Yu; JENKINS, Lyndsey N. Effects of peer victimization on psychological and academic adjustment in early adolescence. School Psychology Quarterly, v. 29, n. 1, p. 77–88, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000036
SAMARA, Muthanna et al. How can bullying victimisation lead to lower academic achievement? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mediating role of cognitive-motivational factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 18, n. 5, p. 2209, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052209
SÁNCHEZ-QUEIJA, Inmaculada; GARCÍA-MOYA, Irene; MORENO, Carmen. Trend analysis of bullying victimization prevalence in Spanish adolescent youth at school. Journal of School Health, v. 87, n. 6, p. 457–464, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12513
SCHEITHAUER, Herbert et al. Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: age trends, gender differences, and correlates. Aggressive Behavior, v. 32, n. 3, p. 261–275, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20128
SMITH, Kenneth J. et al. Resilience as a coping strategy for reducing auditor turnover intentions. Accounting Research Journal, v. 33, n. 3, p. 483–498, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-09-2019-0177
SMITH, Peter K.; BRAIN, Paul. Bullying in schools: lessons from two decades of research. Aggressive Behavior, v. 26, n. 1, p. 1–9, 2000. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(2000)26:1%3C1::AID-AB1%3E3.0.CO;2-7
SUÁREZ-GARCÍA, Zara; ÁLVAREZ-GARCÍA, David; RODRÍGUEZ, Celestino. Predictores de ser víctima de acoso escolar en Educación Primaria: una revisión sistemática. Revista de Psicología y Educación - Journal of Psychology and Education, v. 15, n. 1, p. 1-15, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23923/rpye2020.01.182
TWARDOWSKA-STASZEK, Estera; ZYCH, Izabela; ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosario. Bullying and cyberbullying in Polish elementary and middle schools: Validation of questionnaires and nature of the phenomena. Children and Youth Services Review, v. 95, p. 217–225, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.10.045
VAILLANCOURT, Tracy et al. Places to avoid: population-based study of student reports of unsafe and high bullying areas at school. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, v. 25, n. 1, p. 40–54, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0829573509358686
VAN GEEL, Mitch; VEDDER, Paul; TANILON, Jenny. Relationship between peer victimization, cyberbullying, and suicide in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, v. 168, n. 5, p. 435–42, 2014.
VIANNA, José Antonio; SOUZA, Silvana M.; REIS, Katarina P. Bullying nas aulas de Educação Física: a percepção dos alunos no Ensino Médio. Revista Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação, v. 23, n. 86, p. 73–93, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40362015000100003
WANG, Jing; IANNOTTI, Ronald J.; NANSEL, Tonja R. School bullying among adolescents in the United States: physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, v. 45, n. 4, p. 368–375, 2009.
WOLKE, Dieter; LEREYA, Suzet T. Long-term effects of bullying. Archives of Disease in Childhood, v. 100, n. 9, p. 879–885, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306667
YO A ESO NO JUEGO. Bullying y ciberbullying en la infancia. Madrid: Save the Children, 2016. Available at: https://www.savethechildren.es/sites/default/files/imce/docs/yo_a_eso_no_juego.pdf. Accesso on: Sept. 2, 2023
ZYCH, Izabela et al. A longitudinal study on stability and transitions among bullying roles. Child Development, v. 91, n. 2, p. 527–545, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13195
ZYCH, Izabela; ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosario; DEL REY, Rosario. Systematic review of theoretical studies on bullying and cyberbullying: facts, knowledge, prevention, and intervention. Aggression and Violent Behavior, v. 23, p. 1–21, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.10.001
ZYCH, Izabela; ORTEGA-RUIZ, Rosario; MARÍN-LÓPEZ, Inmaculada. Cyberbullying: a systematic review of research, its prevalence and assessment issues in Spanish studies. Psicología Educativa, v. 22, n. 1, p. 5–18, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2016.03.002
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Movimento

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
A revista Movimento adota a licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) para os trabalhos aprovados e publicados. Isso significa que os/as autores/as:
- mantêm os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação; e
- têm o direito de compartilhar (copiar e redistribuir o material em qualquer suporte ou formato) e adaptar (remixar, transformar, e criar a partir do material para qualquer fim, mesmo que comercial).
