Occupant behavior and energy consumption in residential buildings in a humid subtropical climate

Abstract

Building use consumes large amounts of electricity and occupant behavior is one of the parameters that influence this through the interactions of occupants with the building and with themselves to achieve thermal comfort (windows, clothing, heating or cooling systems). This work aims to understand occupant behavior in residential buildings in a humid subtropical climate context, focusing on thermal comfort and energy consumption. A survey applied to residents of 155 homes located in southern Brazil, obtained their perceptions related to thermal comfort, habits, and reasons for their adaptative behavior. Additionally, monthly energy consumption data was obtained for 51 homes. The results showed a relationship between occupant behavior, demographics and energy consumption. Residents interact with the housing systems by opening or closing windows and changing clothes. Moreover, occupant income influences the use of air conditioning in the heating mode and the age of the occupant affects how individuals achieve thermal comfort. Use patterns and AC setpoints are also influenced by characteristics of families. This study reinforces the importance of understanding the occupants’ profiles in order to reduce energy consumption.