Evaluation of cervical cancer screening programs in the State of Rio Grande do Sul - Southern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.125276Keywords:
Cervical cancer, cervical cytology, cervical cancer screening programAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare two modalities of cervical cancer screening using Pap Smear
that were carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Sul - Southern Brazil. The first one
is a seasonal and isolated campaign that was promoted by the Brazilian Ministry of
Health in 1998; the second one is a regular screening program promoted by the Rio
Grande do Sul State Department of Health from 1991 to 1996.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of the results of the
two screening campaigns.
RESULTS: Comparison of the Pap smear sample alterations verified from 1991 to 1996
by the State Department of Health with the Pap smear sample alterations verified in
1998 by the Ministry of Health allowed for the following data, respectively: CIN 1 -
0.55%/0.29%; CIN 2 - 0.25%/0.15%; CIN 3 - 0.16%/0.14%; carcinoma - 0.04%/0.04%.
Out of the samples collected by the State Department of Health, 58.64% were not
representative for squamous columnar junction (SCJ), out of which 13.74% of highgrade lesions were not representative for SCJ and 85.22% of high-grade lesions were
representative for ECJ (1.04% of results were ignored).
CONCLUSIONS: The isolated campaign of the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the state
of Rio Grande do Sul presented poorer results when compared to the regular screening
program promoted by the Rio Grande do Sul State Department of Health, suggesting,
thus, that isolated screening efforts do not offer results that are as good as those of
planned and continuous screening programs. However, the regular screening program
has faults that need to be corrected, such as that in the reduced number of Pap smear
samples representative of squamous columnar junction.
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