História da educação comparada: reflexões iniciais e relato de uma experiência
Abstract
O artigo objetiva discutir a emergência do interesse sobre história comparada em educação para a historiografia educacional brasileira e relatar uma experiência de estudos comparados no campo educativo. Para atingir o primeiro propósito traça um breve histórico de publicações e eventos científicos nacionais e latino-americanos que abordaram a temática da educação comparada e da história comparada da educação e interroga-se sobre possibilidades e limites da comparação. Em seguida, explora uma pesquisa específica, realizada em parceria com Silvina Gvirtz, sobre o ensino da escrita no Brasil e na Argentina, entre 1880 e 1940, destacando similitudes e realçando diferenças nos dois processos educacionais. Conclui apontando para a importância das análises comparadas para a compreensão das singularidades históricas e para a necessidade de elaboração de pesquisas comparativas entre as diversas regiões e localidades brasileiras, de maneira a matizar entendimentos históricos sobre a educação no Brasil, construídos particularmente pela investigação na região sudeste.
Palavras-chave: educação comparada, história comparada, ensino da escrita.
Abstract
The paper aims both at discussing the emergence of an interest on the compared history of education to the brazilian educational historiography and at reporting an experience of compared studies in the educational field. To achieve the first objective it outlines a brief history of national and Latin American scientific events and publications dealing with compared education and compared history of education; here it enquires into the possibilities and limits of comparison. Afterwards, it explores a particular research conducted in association with Silvina Gvirtz, concerning the teaching of writing in Brazil and Argentina between 1880 and 1940; at this point it underlines similarities and emphasizes differences in such educational processes. As to conclusion, it points out both the importance of compared analyses for the comprehension of historical singularities and the need of researches comparing the various brazilian regions and localities in order to variegate historical knowledge about the education in Brazil, which has been built particularly through investigations on Southeastern Region.
Key-words: compared education, compared history, teaching of writing.
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