O corpo diferente: representações das raças humanas nos manuais escolares de zoologia - The different body: representations of the human races in zoology textbooks
Abstract
Este trabalho visou comparar o modo como os autores dos manuais escolares de Zoologia, da segunda metade do século 19 e do início do século 20, realizaram a transposição didática dos estudos antropológicos sobre as raças humanas para essas obras. Constataram-se diferenças na tipologia e nos carateres antropológicos utilizados para descrever as raças humanas. Aferiu-se, ainda, a existência de afirmações que vincularam o determinismo biológico porque alguns autores valorizaram física, moral e intelectualmente a raça caucasiana em detrimento das outras raças.
Palavras-chave: manuais escolares, raças humanas, zoologia.
The different body: representations of the human races in zoology textbooks
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare how the authors of Zoology textbooks of the second half of 19th century and early 20th century made the didactic transposition of anthropological studies on the human races for these textbooks. The results show differences in the typology and anthropological characteristics used to describe the human races. It was also noticed the presence of statements related to the concept of biological determinism because the authors valued physic, morally and intellectually the Caucasian race instead other races.
Key-words: textbooks, human races, zoology.
El cuerpo diferente: representaciones de las razas humanas en los manuales escolares de zoologia
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la forma en que los autores de los manuales escolares de Zoología de la segunda mitad del siglo 19 y principios del siglo 20 hizo la transposición didáctica de los estudios antropológicos sobre las razas humanas para estos manuales. Se encontraron diferencias en las características de la tipología y las características antropológicas utilizadas para describir las razas humanas. También se señaló que hay declaraciones que vinculaban el determinismo biológico debido a que algunos autores han valorizado física, moral e intelectualmente la raza caucásica sobre las otras razas.
Palabras-clave: manuales escolares, razas humanas, zoologia.
Le different corps: représentations des races humaines dans les manuels scolaires de zoologie
Résume
Ce travail visait à comparer comment les auteurs des manuels scolaires de zoologie de la seconde moitié du 19e siècle et au début du 20e siècle mené la transposition didactique des études anthropologiques sur les races humaines pour ces manuels. Ont des différences dans la typologie et les caractères anthropologiques utilisés pour décrire des races humaines. Aussi a rassemblées l'existence de déclarations qui ont lié le déterminisme biologique parce que certains auteurs valorisé physique, moral et intellectuellement la race blanche au détriment des autres races.
Mots-clé: manuels scolaires, les races humaines, zoologie.
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