Phenotypic profile analysis of Rh and Kell blood group systems among donors in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.110224Keywords:
Imuno-hematologia, Sistema Rh, Sistema Kell, Fenotipagem, HemoterapiaAbstract
Introduction: Hemotherapy is a therapeutic practice consisting of blood transfusion. Low blood supply and an increase in chronic and emergency patients have made it necessary to conduct immunohematology tests to minimize the risks of adverse reactions and alloimmunization in donors and recipients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of Rh and Kell blood group antigens among blood donors in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Methods: We conducted a quantitative, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Information from blood donors included in the Rio Grande do Sul’s Blood Center database from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed.
Results: A total of 6,479 samples were phenotyped, of which 44.6% were Rh-positive and 55.4% were Rh-negative. Antigen prevalence was CC (10.1%), Cc (27%),
cc (62.9%), EE (1.2%), Ee (13.9%), and ee (84.9%). As for the Kell group, 7.1% were K1-positive and 92.9% were K1-negative.
Conclusions: The Rh and Kell antigens are highly immunogenic and have a strong link with the hemolytic disease of the newborn. Sensitization may occur in patients if there is no blood compatibility. This study highlights the importance of implementing erythrocyte phenotyping in blood donors. Further studies should be conducted in different time frames to achieve satisfactory results.
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