Os modelos contraditórios da leitura entre formação e consumo: da alfabetização à cultura de massa
Abstract
A partir dos anos 1970, o desinteresse pela leitura, em concorrência com os novos meios de comunicação, inquieta os professores e responsáveis políticos. Um século antes, ao contrário, lamentavam que o povo lia demais e qualquer coisa, isto é, más leituras. O artigo retraça as etapas dessas mudanças, a partir de alguns estudos de casos historicamente situados. A cada etapa, a experiência de leitura, que serve de referência-modelo, muda em função dos novos contextos sociais - leitura intensiva do romance, leitura rápida do jornal, consulta de informações, etc.
Palavras-chave: leitura, biblioteca, literatura, meios de comunicação de massa, formação, iletrismo.
Résumé
A partir des années 1970, la désaffection pour la lecture, concurrencée par les nouveaux moyens de communication, inquiete les enseignants et les responsables politiques. Un siecle plus tôt, au contraire, ils déploraient que le peuple lise trop et n'importe quoi, c'est-à-dire, fasse trop de mauvaises lectures. L'article retrace les étapes de ce basculement, à partir de quelques études de cas historiquement situées. À chaque étape, l'expérience de lecture qui sert de référence-modele change, en fonction des nouveaux contextes sociaux - lecture intensive du roman, lecture rapide du journal, consultation d'informations, etc.
Mots-clé: lecture, bibliotheque, littérature, mass-media, formation, illetrisme.
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