Literatura e história da educação: representações do professor na ficção brasileira
Abstract
Dois filmes recentes, Central do Brasil e A vida é bela, elegeram professoras para protagonizarem a narrativa cinematográfica. A escolha decorreu em parte da circunstância de ser a professora uma figura capaz de transitar entre contextos sociais diferentes, possibilitando sua representação ficcional. Enquanto personagem, professor e professora freqüentaram com assiduidade a ficção brasileira, aparecendo em autores como Manuel Antônio de Almeida, Machado de Assis, José de Alencar, Adolfo Caminha, Mário de Andrade, Cyro dos Anjos, Graciliano Ramos e Monteiro Lobato. A representação da figura do professor, verificável em obras dos escritores mencionados, aponta para o modo como a sociedade entende e idealiza o docente, tanto no masculino, quanto no feminino. Faculta, pois, compreender os mecanismos ideológicos que reservam ao magistério um determinado lugar social e o exercício de uma prática, atividade esta nem sempre apreciada por seus usuários.
Palavras-chave: representação do professor, prática docente, escola.
Abstract
Two recent movies, Central Station and Life is Beautiful, have elected female teachers to be protagonists of the cinematographic narrative. This choice is partly due to the fact that the female teacher is a figure who is able to move between different social contexts, hence she allows their fictional representation. As characters, male and female teachers have assiduously frequented brazilian fiction, and have appeared in authors such as Manuel Antônio de Almeida, Machado de Assis, José de Alencar, Adolfo Caminha, Mário de Andrade, Cyro dos Anjos, Graciliano Ramos and Monteiro Lobato. The representation of the teacher figure verified in works by the authors mentioned points to the way in which society understands and idealizes teachers, either in the masculine, or in the feminine. It promotes, therefore, the comprehension of the ideological mechanisms that provide teaching with a determined social place and the exercise of a practice, an activity which is not always appreciated by its users.
Keywords: teacher representation, teaching practice, school.
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