Um barão brasileiro no congresso internacional de Buenos Aires: as idéias pedagógicas de Abílio César Borges, barão de Macahubas
Abstract
Partindo da intervenção do Barão de Macahubas em 2 de maio de 1882 na 9° seção do Congresso Pedagógico Internacional de Buenos Aires, este trabalho situa a vida e a obra de Abílio César Borges no contexto do Império do Brasil explicitando suas idéias pedagógicas com destaque para os seguintes temas: a) concepção de homem e de infância e aprendizagem; b) o papel da escola e sua organização; c) os conteúdos do ensino; d) os métodos de ensino; e) a proeminência da educação moral. À guisa de conclusão busca-se esclarecer o significado dessas idéias pedagógicas explicitando as controvérsias que elas suscitaram, o caráter moderno da pedagogia preconizada a serviço, porém, de uma educação tradicional e, finalmente, o lugar de Abílio César Borges, o Barão de Macahubas, na história e na historiografia da educação brasileira. Pedagogo autodidata, Abílio César Borges era médico de formação, tendo desenvolvido suas idéias educacionais praticando-as nos colégios que fundou e se servindo das experiências de outros países, do que dão testemunho as três viagens que fez à Europa para observar o funcionamento das escolas, adquirir materiais didáticos e contratar professores.Palavras-chave: história da educação, barão de Macahubas, congresso pedagógico.
Abstract
Grounded on Baron of Macahubas intervention in the 9th section of International Pedagogic Congress of Buenos Aires, on May 2, 1882, this paper places the life and works of Abílio César Borges in the context of Brazil' s Empire. It describes his pedagogic ideas, wilh emphasis to the following issues: a) conception of man and of childhood and learning; b) school role and its organization; c) teaching contents; d) teaching methods; e) the prominence of moral education. What is pursued as conclusion is to enlighten the meaning of these pedagogic ideas, bringing to Iight: i) the controversies they raised; li) the modern character of his pedagogy, although it was meant to meet the interests of a traditional education, and iii) lhe place of Abílio César Borges, Baron of Macahubas, in the history and the historiography of Brazilian education. Abílio César Borges was a self-taught pedagogue and a graduated physician who developed his educational ideas by practicing in the schools he founded, and using experiences from other countries, as testemonied by his three trips to Europe to observe schools operation and to hire teachers.
Keywords: history of education, barão de Macahubas, pedagogic congress.
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