A representação de identidade nacional em escolas da imigração alemã no Rio Grande do Sul
Abstract
A representação de identidade nacional em escolas da imigração alemã no Rio Grande do Sul Lúcio Kreutz As diferenciações culturais são milenares. O que tem mudado é o modo de percebê-Ias e de tratá-Ias ao longo do tempo. Nossa base histórica tem sido predominantemente a de um silenciamento da diferença a partir de uma determinada cultura, processando-se a redução da diversidade na interiorização acrítica do próprio código cultural. No presente estudo não se entende as categorias de etnia e de nação como tendo uma identidade estabelecida, fixa. Identidade, etnia e nacionalidade são sempre reconstruídas, encontram-se em processo, tem limites múltiplos e instáveis. Sua afirmação ocorre numa perspectiva relacional, em que há estranhamentos, em que se entrecruza o choque das diversas tradições culturais e em que se reelabora o processo identitário. A literatura escolar dos imigrantes alemães no Rio Grande do Sul dá ênfase à forma como eles representavam sua identidade nacional, então conflitante com a luso-brasileira, considerada a oficial. No presente estudo pretende-se entender as razões pressupostas na articulação deste discurso de afirmação da nacionalidade.
Palavras-chave: educação e etnia; nacionalidade e imigração; história da educação no Rio Grande do Sul.
Abstract
Cultural differentiations are mil1enniums old. What actually has changed is the way of perceiving and treating them along the times. Our historical basis has been predominantly one of silencing the difference departing from a given culture, thus being processed the reduction of the diversity in the uncritical intemalization of the cultural codex itself. In the present study we don't understand the categories of ethnicity and nation as having an established, fixed identity. Identity, ethnicity and nationality are being continuously reconstructed, being in process, and having multiple and unstable limits. Its affirmation occurs in a relational perspective, in which there are estrangements, in which there intercross the chock of the different cultural traditions and in which the identity process is being re-elaborated. The scholarly literature of the german immigrants in Rio Grande do Sul gives special emphasis to the way how they used to represent their national identity, at those times conflicting with the luso-brazilian one, considered as the official one. In the present study we try to understand the reasons presupposed in the articulation of the discourse of affirmation of the nationality.
Keywords: education and ethnicity, nationality and immigration, history of education in Rio Grande do Sul.
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