La escuela y la escolaridad como objetos históricos: facetas y problemas de la historia de la educación - School and schooling as historical objects. facets and issues in history of education
Abstract
A ESCOLA COMO E A ESCOLARIDADE COMO OBJETOS HISTÓRICOS. FACETAS E PROBLEMAS DA HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO
Resumo
Este texto analisa a escola, em sua perspectiva histórica, em um duplo sentido: como instituição educativa formal que engloba todos os centros docentes de todos os níveis e modalidades de ensino, e como uma atividade que se leva a cabo em um espaço e tempo específicos (os espaços e tempos escolares). Meu propósito é analisar alguns dos enfoques ou olhares desde com os quais os historiadores têm cercado a instituição escolar, quer dizer, a escola e a escolaridade como um fato social derivado da existência da instituição escolar.
Palavras-chave: história da educação; escola e escolaridade; educação espanhola.
SCHOOL AND SCHOOLING AS HISTORICAL OBJECTS. FACETS AND ISSUES IN HISTORY OF EDUCATION
Abstract
This text deals with the school and the schooling. First, it outlines the traditional history or approach of both issues. After, it analyses, in a successive way, how the paradigms of the social history, sociocultural history and socio-critical history have influenced the history, and the way of looking, from the historical standpoint, at both the school institution and the schooling process. All these aspects are dealt with a particular attention to the concepts and ideas of the grammar of schooling, school cultures, the socio-critical approach, the problem of the divergences existing between the political and cultural periodisations and the notion of progress.
Keywords: history of education; schooling process; grammar of schooling; school cultures.
LA ESCUELA Y LA ESCOLARIDAD COMO OBJETOS HISTÓRICOS: FACETAS Y PROBLEMAS DE LA HISTORIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN
Resumen
Este texto trata sobre la escuela y la escolaridad. Expone, primero, la historia o enfoque tradicional de las mismas. Después, de modo sucesivo, analiza cómo los paradigmas de la historia social, la historia socio-cultural y la historia socio-crítica han afectado a la historia y al modo de mirar, desde la historia, tanto la institución escolar como el proceso de escolarización. Todo ello prestando especial atención a los conceptos e ideas de la gramática de la escolarización, las culturas escolares, la perspectiva genealógico-crítica, el problema de las divergencias entre las periodizaciones políticas y las culturales y la noción de progreso.
Palabras-clave: historia de la educación; la escuela y la escolaridad; educación en España.
L’ÉCOLE ET LA SCOLARITÉ COMME DES OBJETS HISTORIQUES. FACETTES ET PROBLÈMES DE L’HISTOIRE DE L’EDUCATION
Résumé
Ce texte-ci analyse l’école dans sa perspective historique avec un doublé sens: comme une institution educative formel qui englobe tous les centres enseignants de tous les niveaux et les modalités d’enseignement, et comme une activité qui se complete dans un espace et un temps spécifiques (les espaces et les temps scolaires). Mon but c’est d’analyser quelques focalisations ou quelques regards avec lesquels les historiens ont entouré l’institution scolaire, c’est-àdire, l’école et la scolarité comme un fait social derive de l’existence de l’institution scolaire.
Mots-clé: histoire de l’éducation; ècole et scolarité; éducation espagnole.
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