“THE EXEMPLARY CHILDHOOD OF FRANCOISM”: OPERATION PLUS ULTRA (1963-1977)
Abstract
This study analyses Operation Plus Ultra (OPU, 1963-1977), a Francoist radio programme that rewarded Spanish and foreign children for heroic or caring acts. Using a historical-educational methodology, primary sources such as the newspapers ABC, La Vanguardia and the NO-DO newsreels were examined, collecting data from 240 participating minors. The results show that most of the Spanish winners were awarded for permanent merits (care), while the foreign participants were more awarded for punctual reasons (heroic acts). The OPU functioned as an instrument of legitimisation of the regime, ostensibly exalting values such as the family, although they were not helped. Beyond symbolic recognition, the OPU did not resolve structural inequalities, but rather reinforced a pedagogy of child sacrifice. This article therefore contributes to making visible a little-explored dimension of Franco's regime, namely the Plus Ultra children.
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