(Sub)valorização das infraestruturas: transformações e atritos na cadeia de valor da framboesa na Sérvia desde o final do socialismo

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0337/e148317

Palavras-chave:

afeto, agronomia, infraestruturas de valor, pessoas como infraestrutura, protestos.

Resumo

Este artigo propõe estudar a agricultura focando em suas infraestruturas de valor, ou seja, as tecnologias e redes sociomateriais essenciais para a produção de mercadorias, mas que frequentemente permanecem invisíveis. A partir da etnografia de um encontro de uma associação de produtores de framboesa liderada por um engenheiro agrônomo, o artigo reconstrói como, desde o socialismo, a infraestrutura agronômica, antes cooperativa, sofreu primeiro uma desinstitucionalização (capitalista) e, posteriormente, uma reinstitucionalização e desinstitucionalização (municipal), enquanto a maioria dos módulos agronômicos permaneceu estável. Notavelmente, essa infraestrutura agronômica, jurídico-científica, coproduzia seus módulos – tutoramento e poda de framboesas em miniplantações – com pequenos agricultores locais. Os ciclos de invisibilização foram associados a inversões infraestruturais – isto é, enquanto as infraestruturas funcionam, suas contribuições para uma cadeia de valor tendem a ser subvalorizadas, enquanto, à medida que os problemas aumentam, as infraestruturas são revalorizadas. Em nítido contraste com a infraestrutura agronômica, a cadeia de frio – uma infraestrutura de contenção e transporte que inclui congelamento, armazenamento, transporte e exportação – foi privatizada de forma lucrativa e modernizada seletivamente. A dialética da invisibilidade das infraestruturas de valor descreve, portanto, tanto o desfinanciamento seletivo quanto o investimento, o que aumenta os atritos e os problemas de compatibilidade entre os módulos infraestruturais. Em Arilje, isso levou à superexploração dos agrônomos, vistos como pessoas-infraestrutura que eram obrigadas a cuidar sem ter voz. As infraestruturas de valor, assim, ajudam a explicar as transformações e mobilizações político-econômicas como resultado de inovações tecnocientíficas, transformações sociais e flutuações de mercado.

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Biografia do Autor

Andre Thiemann, Institute of Ethnology and Central European and Balkan Studies, Charles University, Prague

Author bio: André THIEMANN is a social anthropologist working as an assistant professor in the Institute of Anthropology, Central European and Balkan Studies at the Charles University, Prague. He held numerous positions and fellowships across Europe and in Brazil. André has studied the political-economic and ecological transformations of Eastern Europe through ethnographies of the state and care, multispecies relationships, infrastructures and food value chains. In 2024, he published his monograph The Politics of Relations: How Self-Government, Infrastructures, and Care Transform the State in Serbia. New York/Oxford: Berghahn, and co-published the Special Issue 'Infrastructures of Value: New and Historical Materialities in Agriculture' in Ethnos.

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Publicado

24-03-2026

Como Citar

THIEMANN, Andre. (Sub)valorização das infraestruturas: transformações e atritos na cadeia de valor da framboesa na Sérvia desde o final do socialismo. Sociologias, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 65, p. e148317, 2026. DOI: 10.1590/1807-0337/e148317. Disponível em: https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/sociologias/article/view/148317. Acesso em: 26 jul. 2026.

Edição

Seção

Dossiê: Agronegócio, Ciência e Tecnologia