Tendiendo puentes entre teoría y realidad: un análisis desde una doble perspectiva del nomadismo digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0337/e147678Palavras-chave:
nomadismo digital, análisis del discurso, minería de textos, regulación laboral, educación.Resumo
Este estudio explora la brecha entre las concepciones académicas del nomadismo digital y las experiencias vividas por las personas que aspiran a este estilo de vida. Mientras que la literatura a menudo retrata el nomadismo digital como un símbolo de autonomía, creatividad y flexibilidad, las voces de los posibles nómadas digitales revelan una realidad más compleja y ambivalente. Utilizando un diseño secuencial de métodos mixtos, la investigación combina análisis bibliométrico, análisis de contenido (guiado por el marco PRISMA) y técnicas computacionales —como el modelado de temas LDA, el análisis de sentimientos y el análisis de emociones— aplicadas a datos de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los hallazgos identifican cuatro áreas temáticas principales: requisitos tecnológicos para el trabajo digital, estructuras de trabajo flexibles, dinámicas neotribales y preocupaciones sobre los derechos laborales. Los participantes expresan tanto aprecio por las oportunidades que ofrece el nomadismo digital como ansiedad por la incertidumbre legal, el tecnoestrés y la precariedad socioeconómica. En lugar de un estilo de vida idealizado, el nomadismo digital surge como una negociación entre la autonomía deseada y la vulnerabilidad real. Este estudio aporta un modelo conceptual integrador que tiende puentes entre las perspectivas teóricas y empíricas. Metodológicamente, avanza en el uso de enfoques mixtos para analizar las tendencias del trabajo digital. También ofrece implicaciones prácticas para las políticas públicas, la regulación laboral y las iniciativas educativas dirigidas a apoyar mejor las necesidades y los derechos de los trabajadores digitales móviles en un mercado laboral global en evolución.
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