O capitalismo de desastres no Brasil

enchentes no RS e violações de direitos humanos

Abstract

The present study aims to understand if the tragedy in Rio Grande do Sul represents a continuity of disaster capitalism in Brazil, which had its rise in the country with the rupture of the Fundão tailings dam in Minas Gerais in 2015. For this, the study has a three-part structure. Initially, it is approached the capitalism of disasters and its main theoretical contours, as well as the analysis of practical situations in which this form of capitalism manifested itself and its damage to the lives of the population and victims. The second part of the work is specifically focused on the climate disaster in Rio Grande do Sul, in May 2024. The analysis is broad and not limited to measures and actions taken in the post-disaster, since the hypothesis is that the capitalism of disasters has been gestated for many years in this state, in order to enable a catastrophic event of this magnitude. In the third and last part of the study, the objective is to understand the production of violations of human rights and of the biographies of victims by capitalism of disasters, with emphasis on the situation of Rio Grande do Sul. In addition, it aims to investigate the possibility of accountability, both in national and international forums, for actions and omissions that caused the 2024 disaster. For this, it uses a comparative analysis of several climate disputes and current and pioneer positions of international courts as a form of resistance to disaster capitalism in a transjurisdictional dialogue.