Pathophysiology and treatment of the nephrotic syndrome
current concepts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.125421Keywords:
Nephrotic syndrome, edema, proteinuria, anticoagulants, hyperlipidemiaAbstract
Our objective is to review the pathophysiology and treatment of the nephrotic syndrome. This article includes definitions and causes of nephrotic syndrome, and an assessment of the pathophysiology of the nephrotic edema as well as of the causes and treatment of refractory edema. An algorithm for the treatment nephrotic edema is proposed taking into account the complexity of refractory edema. We also address measures aimed at reducing proteinuria, such as the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, hypoprotein diet, and the roles of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in this context. We also review the complications of nephrotic syndrome such as hyperlipidemia and the hypercoagulability with regards to their pathophysiology and current treatment.
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