Tongue pressure and strength in nasal-breathing versus mouth-breathing children:
a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.135599Keywords:
Child, Tongue, Pressure, Muscle strengthAbstract
Aim: To compare the findings in the literature regarding the tongue pressure/force measurements in children with mouth-and-nasal-breathing or nasal-breathing. Literature review: This is a systematic review based on the research question “What are the differences in tongue strength between nasal-breathing and mouth-breathing individuals?”. Electronic searches were carried out in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS. In addition, manual searches were made in the references of included articles. The review was registration under the number CRD42020212366. Studies involving children (3-12 years) with a nosological diagnosis, and a quantitative description of tongue pressure/strength, were included. Studies including samples with a history of speech therapy were excluded. The recommendations from PRISMA and Cochrane were followed for observational studies. Results: Of the 366 identified articles, four studies were included in the review. The tongue pressure/force values for nasal-breathers group were 51.4kPa, 53.73kPa, and 7.3N, whereas mouth-breathers were measured at 5.6N, 6.0N, 34.3kPa, 32.4kPa, and 38.27kPa. Discussion: This systemic review shows that there is a difference between the tongue strength of MBs when compared to RBs and discusses the main causes. Furthermore, highlights the importance of quantitative measurement of tongue strength as a complementary exam to clinical perceptual assessment. Conclusion: Tongue strength was lower in mouth-breathing children than in nasal-breathing ones. However, the studies that comprised the sample of this review did not present sufficient data to summarize measurements.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Liandra Fritzen, Larissa Dill, Rafaela Soares Rech , Monalise da Costa Batista Berbert , Márcia Angelica Peter Maahs
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