Atraumatic tooth extraction associated with orthodontic elastics in patients submitted to radiotherapy oncological treatment: literature review

Authors

  • Gabriel Ferreira de Azevedo Maia
  • Evelyne Pedroza de Andrade

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.114747

Keywords:

Radiotherapy, Surgery, oral, Osteonecrosis

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is currently among the five most common causes of death worldwide, resulting from harmful habits or genetic predisposition. Oral cancer plays a major role in this scenario and requires special dental care due to the association of tooth loss with cancer treatment. Aim: This study aimed at the biological analysis of the processes triggered by radiotherapy treatment and presentation of an alternative method for safe tooth extraction in cancer patients. Literature review: Cancer radiotherapy treatment triggers a series of oral complications that will eventually require tooth extraction, for example, osteoradionecrosis, hyposalivation, caries, and periodontal disease. Discussion: Tooth extraction with orthodontic elastics involves the tooth at the cervical height with elastics allowing a slow, gradual, and less traumatic exfoliation of the root; this process takes approximately 5 to 8 weeks. This technique is associated with a good postoperative recovery and ensures adequate healing, significantly increasing the likelihood of a positive prognosis. Conclusion: These techniques are safe and decrease the risk of postoperative complications, thus ensuring recovery without major problems for the patient.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

American Cancer Society (EUA). Cancer facts & figures 2020. Atlanta; 2020.

Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brasil). O que é câncer? Rio de Janeiro; 2020.

Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brasil). Estimativa 2020. Rio de Janeiro; 2020.

Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brasil). Relatório sobre o cenário assistencial e epidemiológico do câncer de lábio e cavidade oral no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro; 2020.

Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brasil). Dieta, nutrição, atividade física e câncer: uma perspectiva global. Rio de Janeiro; 2020.

Liao PH, Chu CH, Tang PL, Wu PC, Kuo TJ. Preradiation tooth extraction and jaw osteoradionecrosis: nationwide population-based retrospectiva study in Taiwan. Clinical Otolaryngology. 2020 Nov;45(6):896-903.

Berthold RCB, Zanella TA, Heitz C. Maxillary osteoradionecrosis – review of published literature: incidence, classification, risk factors, physiopathology and prevention. RFO UPF. 2013 Jan-Abr;18(1).

Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker MR. Cirurgia oral e maxilofacial contemporânea. 5. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2015.

Murad AM, Katz A. Oncologia: bases clínicas do tratamento. 1. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 1996.

Dayan YA, Chang C, Greenspan A, Shoenfeld Y, Gershwin ME. Pathogenesis and natural history of osteonecrosis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2002 Oct;32(2):94-124.

Greenspan D. Xerostomia: diagnosis and management. Oncology (Williston Park). 1996 Mar;10(3):7-11.

Mendes DC, Santos BCO, Oliveira LB, Sabino LF. A importância da nutrição no processo de cicatrização de feridas [monografia]. Viçosa (MG): Univiçosa; 2017.

Guggenheimer J, Moore PA. Xerostomia: etiology, recognition and treatment. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003 Jan;134(1):61-9.

Breslin M, Taylor C. Incidence of new carious lesions and tooth loss in head and neck cancer patients: a retrospective case series from a single unit. British Dental Journal. 2020 Oct;229(8):539-43.

Aguiar GP, Jham BC, Magalhães CS, Sensi LG. A review of the biological and clinical aspects of radiation caries. The Journal of Contemporany Dental Practice. 2009 Jul;10(4):83-9.

Soares CJ, Castro CG, Neiva NA, Soares PV, Santos-Filho PCF, Navaes LZ, et al. Effect of gamma irradiation on ultimate tensile strength of enamel and dentin. J Dent Res. 2010 Feb;89(2):159-64.

Giannini M, Soares CJ, de Carvalho RM. Ultimate tensile strength of tooth structures. Dent Mater. 2004 May;20(4):322-9.

Palmier NR, Prado-Ribeiro AC, Filho AJV, Brandão TB, Santos-Silva AR. Radiation-related caries: current diagnostic, prognostic, and management paradigms. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2020 Jul;130(1):52-62.

Vissink A, Jansma J, Spijkervet FK, Burlage FR, Coppes RP. Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003 May;14(3):199-212.

Michaud DS, Fu Z, Shi J, Chung M. Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancer risk. Epidemiologic Reviews. 2017 Jan;39(1):49-58.

Madrid C, Abarca M, Bouferrache K. Osteoradionecrosis: an update. Oral Oncology. 2010 Jun;46(6):471-4.

Bras J, Jonge HKT, Markensteyn JPR. Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: pathogenesis. American Journal of Otolaryngology. 1990 Jul-Ago;11(4):244-50.

Tong A, Leung A, Cheng J, Sham J. Incidence of complicated healing and osteoradionecrosis following tooth extraction in patients receiving radiotherapy for treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Australian Dental Journal. 1999 Sep;44(3): 187-94.

Nabil S, Samman N. Incidence and prevention of osteoradionecrosis after dental extraction in irradiated patients: a systematic review. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2011 Mar;40(3):229-43.

Loriato LB, Machado AW, Pacheco W. Considerações clínicas e biomecânicas de elásticos em ortodontia. Dental Press. 2006 Fev-Mar;5(1):42-55.

Holmes J, Barker MK, Walley EK, Tuncay OC. Cytotoxicity of orthodontic elastics. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 1993 Aug;104(2):188-91.

Gegler A, Cherubini K, Figueiredo MAS, Yurgel LS, Azambuja AA. Bifosfonatos e osteonecrose maxilar: revisão da literatura e relato de dois casos. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia. 2006 Aug;52(1):25-31.

Hoefert S, Grimm M, Sharghi F, Geist A, Krimmel M, Reinert S. Atraumatic tooth extraction in patients taking bisphosphonates: a review of literature and experience with three cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Sep;18(3):341-9.

Regev E, Lustmann J, Nashef R. Atraumatic teeth extraction in bisphosphonate-treated patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Jun;66(6):1157-61.

Fleisch H. Bisphosphonates in osteoporosis. European Spine Journal. 2003 Sep;12(2):142-6.

Freitas DA, Caballero AD, Pereira MM, Oliveira SKM, Silva GP, Hernández CIV. Sequelas bucais da radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço. Rev. CEFAC. 2011 Nov-Dez;13(6):1103-8.

Silva TMVD. Uso da fotobiomodulação no reparo alveolar de pacientes submetidos a exodontia pós radioterapia em região de cabeça e pescoço: estudo piloto duplo cego e randomizado [dissertação]. Recife (PE): Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2018.

Corazza AV. Fotobiomodulação comparativa entre o Laser e LED de baixa intensidade na angiogênese de feridas cutâneas de ratos [dissertação]. São Carlos (SP): Universidade de São Paulo; 2005.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-03

How to Cite

Maia, G. F. de A., & de Andrade, E. P. (2021). Atraumatic tooth extraction associated with orthodontic elastics in patients submitted to radiotherapy oncological treatment: literature review. Revista Da Faculdade De Odontologia De Porto Alegre, 62(2), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.114747

Issue

Vol. 62 No. 2 (2021)

Section

Review articles

License

All articles published in this journal adhere to Creative Commons License Attributions 4.0 (CC BY 4.0), and its use must be ruled by its licensed means. Authors are allowed to agree to additional and separate contracts for the non-exclusive distribution of the article published in this journal, such as publishing in an institutional repository, as long as the article has a recognition of authorship and first publication in this journal.