Carcinoma escamoso oral em gato jovem

Resumo

Background

: : : Oral neoplasms are common in cats. Just the percentage of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for about 70% of all feline oral tumors also it is considered highly invasive and malignant. There are reports that the flea collar increases five times the risk oral SCC development. In addition, smoke exposure is also considered a risk factor, and the animals were exposed to tobacco when makes it self-cleaning. SCC well differentiated is characterized histologically by numerous keratin pearls formation and clearly evident intercellular bridges with poor mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphism. The median age of cats with oral SCC is about 11-13 years, but, cats as young as three years and as old as twenty-one years have been previously reported. However, it was not found reports of oral SCC in cats at age younger than one year old. The aim of this article is reports one case of oral SCC feline at age of three months old. Five days after surgical procedure the patient returned to the veterinary and the owner report that it returned to eating well. Case: It was exanimate a three months old male mixed breed cat presenting oral volume increased and the biopsy test was suggested. However, the owner returned 3 months later when the animal showed tumor 6 cm in diameter, dysphagia, tongue protrusion, excessive salivation, halitosis and weight loss. It was indicated a wide surgical excision of tumoral mass. The tissue was submitted to histopathology. Discussion: The historical, macroscopic characteristics and predisponents factors may aid in carcinoma diagnosis, however, the cytologic or histological examination of tissue confirms this diagnosis. Therefore, the microscopic evaluation revealed a malignant neoplastic proliferation of stratified squamous epithelial cells desmosomal junctions evident, few foci keratin pearl formation and presence of mononuclear inflammatory reaction perifocal. A well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed by histological study. Thirty days after the surgical procedure, the animal showed a complete recovery with weight increase and eating normally. Thus, surgery proves to provide excellent quality of life maintenance for a long period of time and, although it had shown no signs of recurrence at the present moment, the literature describes that SCC long-term recurrences are common. Indeed, an important question is the quality of life of the felines with oral SCC, whereas this neoplasm led to a marked decrease in eating and drinking due to pain. Therefore, the treatment target is making the possible to maintain an excellent quality of life as long as possible. With the surgery was possible the maintenance of an excellent quality of life for a longer period. An early diagnosis could have defined the need for surgical procedure before the animal presented clinical signs characteristic, whereas represent a locally invasive neoplasm with poor response to conventional treatments models and unfavorable prognosis. Actually, increased incidences of SCC have been associated with clinical and preventive veterinary medicine improvements, which led to the prolongation of life to this animal, becoming more susceptible to senile disease, but this paper reports one case of oral SCC feline at age of three months old.