Adherence and impact of the vaccination campaign against human papillomavirus (HPV) on the health of the female population by a comparative analysis of the north and southeast regions of Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22491/2357-9730.108599Keywords:
HPV, neoplasias do colo do útero, cobertura vacinal, saúde sexualAbstract
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the fourth leading factor in cancer mortality in women in Brazil and has been a target of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS for short, in Portuguese) vaccination campaigns since 2014. This study aimed to expose possible impacts of the campaigns and understand the reasons affecting adherence to the program by a comparative analysis of the North and Southeast regions of Brazil. Methods: The study was conducted between January 2020 and September 2021 and analyzed data from the DATASUS-MS database, comparing the North and Southeast regions of Brazil. These regions were chosen based on data on the incidence of cervical cancer, as well as on socioeconomic data that highlight inequalities within the country. Results: The HPV vaccination coverage target was 80% (4.16 million) with a complete vaccination schedule. In 2014, adherence between the first and second doses dropped by 57% (188.164/331.230) in the North region and 73.5% (1.126.376/1.530.557) in
the Southeast region. From 2014 to 2018, the number of preventive gynecological examinations in girls up to 14 years of age increased by 193% (933/318) in the North
region and 12.4% (3793/3374) in the Southeast region.
Conclusion: Neither of the regions reached the vaccination coverage target. However, we can infer that the campaign encouraged individuals to seek gynecological care. It is necessary to extend the reach of public health care and to contextualize and tailor the
campaign to the specific social groups, thus ensuring the protection of more girls and women.
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