¿Son raros los biomateriales originales en fósiles de vertebrados? Un análisis global de la literatura científica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.154745Palabras clave:
Paleontología molecular, biomateriales no mineralizados, biomoléculas fósiles, análisis documental de la literatura, análisis cuantitativo descriptivoResumen
La preservación de biomateriales interpretados como originales en fósiles de vertebrados ha sido históricamente considerada rara en la literatura científica, asociada a condiciones tafonómicas excepcionales. En las últimas décadas, sin embargo, numerosos estudios han reportado, en la literatura científica, biomoléculas, estructuras celulares y tejidos blandos en diferentes contextos fósiles, aunque estos datos permanecen dispersos. La investigación consistió en un estudio documental con análisis cuantitativo descriptivo de la literatura, en el cual los registros documentales de biomateriales reportados en publicaciones a lo largo de ocho décadas (1954–2025) fueron sistematizados en una base de datos para el análisis de patrones de distribución. Se identificaron 198 trabajos, totalizando 377 registros documentales, que abarcan múltiples niveles de organización biológica y diferentes distribuciones taxonómicas, geográficas, estratigráficas y metodológicas. Se observó correspondencia entre la frecuencia de los registros publicados y la diversidad de enfoques analíticos descritos, con una aplicación recurrente de estrategias multimétodo. En conjunto, los resultados indican que la percepción de rareza se deriva, en gran medida, de la fragmentación histórica de la literatura y de la ausencia de síntesis cuantitativas integradas, más que de la escasez de registros documentados. El estudio presenta una síntesis cuantitativa de la distribución de los registros publicados y contribuye a la comprensión de cómo la preservación de biomateriales ha sido documentada en la literatura paleomolecular.
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