Half-Graben Complex Evolution: the Rift Section of Campos Basin Based on Seismic Stratigraphic Analysis

Abstract

The rift section in the Campos Basin, comprises the basal and median portions of the Lagoa Feia Group, and includes the main source rocks in the basin, as well as carbonate reservoir rocks. Interpretation and systematic mapping of 2D seismic lines across two main half-grabens, integrated with lithological well-log data, allowed the construction of a chronostratigraphic chart and an evolutionary model for the initial phase of this basin. Ten seismic stratigraphic units, with corresponding bounding surfaces, and three seismic facies were defined, representing the main lithological groups in the rift section: border fault deposits, fine grain-dominated re-sedimented deposits and coarse grain-dominated re-sedimented deposits. The Campos Basin stratigraphy was subdivided in tectonic systems tracts, which reflect its tectonostratigraphic evolution. The rift initiation systems tract presents a well distributed tectonic. The high tectonic activity systems tract is marked by the significant fault movement. Finally, the low tectonic activity systems tract is characterized by processes of fault restriction. Analysis of each evolutionary step led to a tectonostratigraphic model. Initially, the rift sediments were deposited in synformal depression with no border fault. With continuation of the rifting process, deformation was concentrated along main faults, which led to the development of two half-grabens structure with defined border faults and increasing tectonics. This phase was followed by a stage of incipient fault movement until the cessation of rifting. Basin filling was thus complex and interdependent in the different troughs during the development of the Campos Basin.