Mapping clay minerals using the Spectral Angle Mapper method and ASTER data, Minas do Camaquã, RS, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.128295Keywords:
ASTER, Remote sensing, Hydrothermal alterationAbstract
The present study aimed to identify the occurrence of clay minerals in the Camaquã Mines/RS through the application of the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) method in an ASTER scene. The copper ore from the Camaquã Mines occurs in the form of veins, filling subvertical faults, and disseminated in the sedimentary rocks that cover the region. The occurrence of these ore bodies also triggers an intensive process of hydrothermal alteration, marked by the presence of halos with distinct mineral paragenesis, which represents the lateral manifestation of the mineralizations controlled by the faults. An epithermal metallogenic system was proposed as being responsible for the generation of the mineralizing fluids and the formation of alteration zones. The main clay minerals identified in the area were montmorillonite and nontronite, both belonging to the smectite group. In addition to these, minerals of the kaolinite group (kaolinite and haloysite), mixtures of kaolinite/smectite and illite were also identified. As for their genesis, these clay minerals are common products of intermediate argilic alteration, commonly associated with epithermal systems, and which may be present in the late stages of the hydrothermal alterations triggered by the copper mineralization in the Camaquã Mines, as well as by the supergene alteration of this ore deposit tailings.
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