FILOSOFIA CRÍTICA NA ESCOLA: um caminho para desconstruir o machismo na leitura bíblica

Resumo

This article aims to critically investigate the role of philosophy in the school environment as a tool for deconstructing the machista interpretations present in biblical tradition. The research begins with the observation that, historically, the Bible was written and interpreted predominantly by men, within patriarchal cultural contexts, resulting in the symbolic and social marginalization of the female body—especially in themes such as menstruation, infertility, and submission. The adopted method is theoretical-analytical, based on authors from critical philosophy, feminist theology, and the history of religions, including Michel Foucault, Simone de Beauvoir, Odja Barros Santos, and comparative studies on ancient myths. The analysis includes emblematic biblical episodes, such as the treatment of infertile women and the case of the woman with a flow of blood, confronting them with narratives from earlier cultures—Sumerian, Egyptian, Babylonian, and Greco-Roman—that had already addressed femininity with complexity, centuries before the composition of the Hebrew texts. The findings reveal that biblical myths are not unprecedented revelations, but rather late adaptations of cultural discourses that perpetuated common forms of violence against women. The research concludes that the inclusion of critical philosophy in schools is essential to promote an ethical, historical, and liberating reading of faith, enabling students to understand religious texts as human constructions subject to questioning, rather than as absolute truths.