Detecção de Mudanças no Uso e na Cobertura da Terra Utilizando Séries Temporais Landsat na Bacia do Wadi Rdat, Marrocos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.153402Palavras-chave:
Uso e cobertura da terra, Análise espaço-temporal, SIG, Bacia do Wadi RdatResumo
As mudanças no uso e na cobertura da terra (LULC) constituem um importante indicador da dinâmica ambiental, particularmente em regiões semiáridas, onde os recursos naturais são altamente sensíveis à pressão antrópica. A compreensão da evolução espaço-temporal da LULC é essencial para a gestão sustentável da terra e dos recursos hídricos. Este estudo analisa as mudanças de longo prazo da LULC na Bacia do Wadi Rdat, no centro do Marrocos, utilizando imagens multitemporais do satélite Landsat e técnicas baseadas em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG). Foi realizada uma análise diacrônica ao longo de 30 anos, entre 1990 e 2020, com base em dados de Landsat TM e OLI. A classificação supervisionada, baseada no algoritmo de máxima verossimilhança, foi aplicada para gerar mapas representativos de LULC de quatro anos. Foram identificadas seis principais classes de LULC: floresta, terras agrícolas, terras em pousio e pastagens, áreas construídas, terras nuas e corpos d’água. Os resultados indicam transformações significativas, caracterizadas por um declínio contínuo da cobertura florestal, mudanças dinâmicas nas terras agrícolas, uma expansão acentuada das terras nuas e um crescimento urbano gradual. Esses resultados evidenciam processos contínuos de degradação da terra e fornecem subsídios relevantes para o planejamento do uso da terra e para a gestão ambiental futura da bacia.
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