Revista Eletrônica de Direito Penal e Política Criminal

Arriscado, mas útil

Andrea R. Castaldo — 2024-12-31

Todas as inovações são intimidadoras de primeira. Aconteceu no advento da energia elétrica, com a internet, e agora com a ascensão dos sistemas de inteligência artificial, em especial os chamados "fortes", os quais são capazes de forma autônoma e independente emular os processos decisórios humanos através de sistemas de aprendizagem automáticas. O artigo trata exclusivamente do problema da gestão de erros cometidos por sistemas de IA generativos. Investiga-se se - e em que medida - é possível evitar a penalização de eventos nocivos que ocorrem apesar da teórica ideal gestão de riscos de IA, mas que são defeituosos em prática devido a imprevisível e "diabólica" intervenção da máquina.

A Criminalidade Informática

Joao Francisco — 2024-12-31

In the current context of technological and financial globalisation, no state is outside of the technological and virtual world, everyone consumes its advantages and disadvantages, whether as an individual, legal person or group. In this sense, digitalisation has taken on an unprecedented role, multidimensionality in different geographical latitudes, revealing the divide between the most developed societies, those in the process of development, and perhaps the least technologically developed.

In the digital society, cybercrime is effectively the permanent risk and danger, despite the advances made, cyberwarfare is an unquestionable fact, in companies, organisations and public institutions, in governments, as well as in society in general, digital crime is on the doorstep. It is in this digital glare that this article, entitled Computer crime, an analysis of the Angolan legal system, is proposed.

The article analyses the phenomenon of computer crime or cyber-crime, in the light of the legislation in force in Angola and is based on the observation of socio-technological facts and their direct impact on citizens and legal persons, on the one hand, and on the other the response of Angolan law to this extremely relevant issue.

Noções preliminares ao significado dogmático e político-criminal à categoria da conduta no Direito Penal

Pedro Paulo da Cunha Ferreira — 2024-12-31

In this excerpt, it is proposed to explain the theoretical and practical relevance of the category of conduct in Criminal Law, to clarify its dogmatic and political-criminal meaning and to point out its repercussions in the field of criminal punishment on the form of positively valued post-criminal behaviors. The study assumes in theoretical, deductive and technical-legal methods, the appropriate methodological tools for the preliminary and critical analysis of the phenomenon of criminal irrationality in the configuration of exempt clauses of punishment in contemporary criminal policy.

Vidas em cárcere: os desafios e a vulnerabilidade social enfrentados pela população carcerária LGBTI+ de Vitória da Conquista – BA

Moabson Alves Braga Santos — 2024-12-31

This article discusses prison, pointing out the challenges faced by a portion of the LGBTI+ population during the sentence execution phase, and how prison intensifies the state of social vulnerability of this group. Through a literature review, aspects such as gender and sexuality, imprisonment and prejudice will be addressed, expanding the study on prison and its implications on the imprisoned LGBTI+ population. And, to support this discussion, statistical data needed to be obtained by a two-phase data collection process, in each of the city’s prison facilities, which are the focus of this study. The objective of this article, in a nutshell, is to clarify, at first, the socioeconomic profile of these prisoners; and, afterwards, to point out how the prison system affects this community in a more emphasized way, and how the imprisoned LGBTI+ population deals with issues of gender and sexuality inside the city’s prison facilities. The conclusion is that the city's imprisoned LGBTI+ population is made up of young black, poor, and uneducated people. In addition, all of them have suffered some type of violence (physical, moral or psychological), inside and outside of prison, in the family environment or in social coexistence.

A criminalidade à luz da obra de Eric Voegelin

Bruno Amabile Bracco — 2024-12-31

This article aims to analyze the issue of criminality from the perspective of philosopher and political scientist Eric Voegelin. Criminological approaches tend to revolve around two paradigms: the first approach focuses primarily on the author of a particular criminal act, inquiring into the reasons or conditions that led to such behavior, and the second approach shifts its focus to society and its control instances. A third criminological approach, seeking to juxtapose the previous two, has been termed the ‘social interrelations paradigm’. However, in the wake of Voegelin's thought, it is possible to discern a yet different approach, which involves a renewed perspective that does not focus on the individual, the collective, or control instances, but instead follows the Platonic concept of metaxy, considering criminality as a matter related to culture and civilization, or more precisely, to the lack of adequate symbolization by a civilization of the transcendent values that structure it. It is suggested that it is possible to analyze the problem of criminality from a field historically neglected by criminological studies, from Lombroso to the so-called Critical Criminology: the investigation of the presence or absence, in any given society, of a symbolic structure referenced to transcendence.

O Pensamento Criminológico no Ensino do Direito Criminal em Curitiba (1915-1930)

Rebeca Fernandes Dias — 2024-12-31

This article analyzes the positivist criminological thinking reception in the context of Criminal Law teaching, in Curitiba during the First Republic period. The choice of temporal lapse was due to the fact that it will be precisely in this period, from 1889-1930, that criminological positivism is absorbed in the country and tends to appear in an increasingly significant way in the discipline programs of the time, of the main Law colleges. The sources studied were the Criminal Law discipline programs of the two professors during the time identified, Antonio Martins Franco and Ulisses Falcão Vieira (1915-1928), as well as their published and localized texts related to the subject (Criminal Law and Criminology). Considering Curitiba as a politically and culturally peripheral region at the time, it was possible to identify how the circulation of legal culture occurred. With regard to criminological thought, it is concluded that the professors from Curitiba tended to reproduce what was hegemonic in the main cultural and political centers, such as Recife, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, that is, absorbed the criminological positivism and adhered to many of the main postulates of the New School of Criminal Law.

Quando termina o estado de coisas inconstitucional?

Mariana Zoccal — 2024-12-31

O presente artigo objetiva analisar os desdobramentos institucionais ocorridos após o julgamento cautelar da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental nº 347, que reconheceu o sistema carcerário brasileiro enquanto um “estado de coisas inconstitucional”. Inicialmente, contextualiza-se o cenário de maior protagonismo judicial, característico da doutrina neoconstitucionalista. Na sequência, apresenta-se o conceito “estado de coisas inconstitucional” influenciado por precedentes da Suprema Corte colombiana, bem como os pedidos formulados na petição inicial brasileira. Por fim, analisa-se os desdobramentos posteriores à decisão cautelar do STF, com ênfase nos temas abordados pelos ministros em seus respectivos votos. Metodologicamente, trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, que utiliza de artigos e relatórios temáticos, bem como de documentos como a petição inicial e o acórdão de julgamento da ADPF. Conclui-se que, embora tenha ocorrido avanços posteriores à decisão, tais como a implementação das audiências de custódia e o descontingenciamento de recursos do Fundo Penitenciário Nacional (Funpen), o país segue reproduzindo uma política criminal que aposta no recrudescimento punitivo e no encarceramento enquanto respostas primordiais para conflitos tidos como crimes, silenciando-se sobre o caráter estruturalmente seletivo e racista de nosso sistema prisional.

A colisão entre a palavra da vítima e a presunção de inocência nos crimes sexuais

Augusto Fargoni Bergo — 2024-12-31

Sexual crimes have several peculiarities, especially in the probative scope. For a reflection on the importance of the word in this type of crime, the present work specifically focused on the criminal types of rape and rape of vulnerable person. The clipping of justifies why these two offenses appear more frequently in cases submitted to the Superior Courts. Due to the criminal modus operandi, in this type of crime there are enormous evidentiary difficulties, ranging from the beginning of the approach with the victim's own report - even for people of his trust - in the testimony given in the pre-procedural phase, to its assessment – here already in the judicial scope -, which deserve to be punctuated. Based on the theoretical framework of the psychology of testimony, in fact, the article proposes a reflection on the epistemological complexity that can be seen in the victim's testimony, especially in the face of the presumption of innocence that must always militate in favor of the one who is subjected to criminal proceedings. The question-problem that this article intends to work on, therefore, can be posed as follows: in crimes against sexual dignity, would only the victim's word be enough to supplant the presumption of innocence? The conclusion, supported by the theoretical development based on the bibliographic review method, allows us to conclude that no