DIALLO, Mamadou Alpha. WAR AND CONFLICT IN THE AFRICAN SAHEL FRUIT OF HISTORIC AND PERMANENT WAR BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: the Arab-Islamic empire and the Western empire. AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 19, 2022. DOI: 10.22456/2238-6912.108448. Disponível em: https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/austral/article/view/108448. Acesso em: 18 oct. 2026.