Feline Prostatic Carcinoma

Authors

  • Mariana Pires de Oliveira Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Brunna de Souza Barni Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Lucas Antonio Heinen Schuster Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Daniel Guimarães Gerardi Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Emerson Antonio Contesini Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Marcelo Meller Alievi Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 
  • Saulo Petinati Paravirini Departamento de Medicina Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.98793

Abstract

Background: Prostatic cancer is a rare condition in cats but should be included as a differential diagnosis whenever middle-aged cats present lower urinary tract signs, such as dysuria and hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound can indicate the disease, but fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology are necessary to establish the neoplastic origin and the therapeutic plan. Because of the limited data, no standard-of-care treatment or prognostic information exists in cats with prostate carcinoma. This report describes the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical approach in a case of prostatic carcinoma in a cat.
Case: A 6-year-old, intact male, domestic short-haired cat was presented with a 3-day history of dysuria, hematuria, inappetence, constipation, lethargy and prostration. On physical examination, the cat was in a very poor general condition and abdominal palpation revealed firm mass located caudally to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder presented high repletion degree, while the large bowel was distended and presented soft faecal content. Blood count, serum biochemistry and urinalysis showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia and high serum creatinine level, and severe hematuria, respectively. Abdominal ultrasound showed a mass located in the prostatic area with hypoechogenic and slightly heterogeneous parenchyma, measuring 3.3 x 3.0 cm. Echo-guided trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration of the prostate was performed. Microscopically, the cells were round with basophilic cytoplasm, and had round to ovoid nuclei, dense chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Some cells were binucleated and mild anisocytosis and marked anisokaryosis were documented. These findings were compatible with malignant prostatic neoplasia. After initial clinical stabilization, the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy for tumor resection. Cystotomy followed by pubic osteotomy was performed to access the tumor. Urethral anastomosis was necessary due to adherence of the neoplasm to adjacent structures. However, the patient died during the immediate postoperative period. No complications related to surgery were observed at necropsy. Tissue specimens were collected and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Prostatic carcinoma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry tests using streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, and primary antibodies against vimentin, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and 7.
Discussion: Prostatic neoplams are rare in cats and clinical signs are suggestive of lower urinary tract disease, such as dysuria and/or hematuria, associated with tenesmus. Abdominal or rectal palpation seems to be essential to detect the prostatic enlargement. Ultrasound imaging was more sensitive than radiography, since it brings more information about structure, size, form and prostatic internal architecture. The patient’s serum creatinine value above the normal range for cats indicated partial urethral obstruction, due to neoplastic concentric growth. Echo-guided trans-abdominal fine needle aspiration cytology was an effective method to confirm neoplastic etiology. The advanced stage of the disease and poor clinical condition probably contributed to death at the immediate postoperative period, even though the surgical technique seemed to be appropriate as demonstrated at necropsy. Also, the immunohistochemistry tests allowed to confirm the diagnosis and excluded the main differential diagnoses, such as urothelial carcinoma and prostatic sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Buffington C.A.T., Chew D.J., Kendall M.S., Scrivani P.V., Thompson S.B., Blaisdell J. L. & Woodworth B.E. 1997. Clinical evaluation of cats with nonobstructive urinary tract diseases. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 210(1): 46-50.

Canney S.M.A., Holt P.E., Day M.J., Rudorf H. & GruffyddJones T.J. 1998. Prostatic carcinoma in two cats. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 39: 140-143.

Gakiya M., Naka H. & Saito S. 2012. Paraneoplastic neurological and hematological syndromes associated with prostate cancer. International Journal of Urology. 19: 471-474.

Galvão A.L.B., Ondani A.C., Frazílio F.O. & Ferreira G.S. 2010. Obstrução uretral em gatos machos - revisão de literatura. Acta Veterinaria Brasilica. 4(1): 1-6.

Hedlund C.S. 2014. Cirurgia dos sistemas reprodutivo e genital. In: Fossum T.W. (Ed). Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais. 4.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, pp.780-855.

Hubbard B.S., Vulgamott J.C. & Liska W.D. 1990. Prostatic adenocarcinoma in a cat. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 11: 1493- 1494.

Leroy B.E. & Lech M.E. 2004. Prostatic carcinoma causing urethral obstruction and obstipation in a cat. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 6: 397-400.

Maclachlan N.J. & Kennedy P.C. 2002. Tumors of the Genital System. In: Meuten D.J. (Ed). Tumors in Domestic Animals. 4th edn. Ames: Blackwell Publishing Co., pp.561-567.

Matsuoka Y., Arai G., Okada Y. & Ainda J. 2009. Prostate cancer-producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Urologia Internationalis. 82: 113-115.

Tursi M., Costa T., Valenza F. & Aresu L. 2008. Adenocarcinoma of the disseminated prostate in a cat. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 10: 600-602.

Zambelli D., Cunto M., Raccagni R., Merlo B., Morini M. & Bettini G. 2010. Successful surgical treatment of a prostatic biphasic tumour (sarcomatoid carcinoma) in a cat. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 12: 161-165.

Published

2019-01-01

How to Cite

de Oliveira, M. P., Barni, B. de S., Heinen Schuster, L. A., Guimarães Gerardi, D., Contesini, E. A., Alievi, M. M., & Paravirini, S. P. (2019). Feline Prostatic Carcinoma. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 47. https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.98793

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3 4 5