Right Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in a Bitch

Authors

  • Fernando Wiecheteck de Souza Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Viçosa, AL, Brazil.
  • Cristiano Gomes Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Curitibanos, SC, Brazil.
  • Priscila Natasha Kasper M. V. autônoma, Maceió, AL.
  • Marília Teresa de Oliveira Doutorado, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
  • João Pedro ScusselFeranti Doutorado, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
  • Peterson TrichesDornbusch Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Rafael Ricardo Huppes Faculdade Unicesumar, Maringá, PR.
  • Lucas Lubasinski Daniel Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Maurício Veloso Brun programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, UFSM, Santa Maria.
  • Arícia Gomes Sprada Doutorado, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal, PR.
  • Josiane Morais Pazzini Doutorado, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal, PR.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.84720

Abstract

Background: The medical procedure of Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is common in human medicine; however, this is not true in veterinary medicine, where it isperformed rarely. The current treatment of choice for adrenal neoplasms is total adrenalectomy, unless there is a pre-operativediagnosis of metastasis that precludes surgery. The laparoscopic approach option becomes an interesting alternative because, through this technique,it has shown good results. In this report, we demonstrate the experience of a case in which we performed unilateral laparoscopic right adrenalectomy, without caudalvena cava invasion, in a dogsuffering from hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical carcinoma.
Case: A 9-year-old beagle bitch, 12 kg in weight, showedpolyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, pendular abdomen, thin and dark skin, lumbar alopecic areas and lethargy. The team carried out Complete Blood Count (CBC), blood chemistry (liver and renal functions) and urine sampling by cystocentesis for urinalysis and bacterial culture. All exams had normal results, except for ALP, which reached levels higher than 150 UIL-1. On abdominal radiographic examination, we noted mild adrenal enlargement, and by ultrasonography, it was possible to identify adrenal asymmetry and right adrenal enlargement (2.8x2x2.15 cm) in relation to the left gland (2x1x1.5 cm). As a treatment for adrenal neoplasm-dependent HAC,
we recommended the execution of total right adrenalectomy execution. The videosurgery used four accesses arranged in the right hypogastric region; the diameters were 10 (two), 5, and 3mm. The adrenal gland was carefully dissected with the aid of laparoscopic forceps; during the intraoperative period, there was a small laceration of the abdominal phrenic vein that resulted in bleeding, which was overcome with two titanium clips. The dog had an excellent recovery, and the team
discharged it 48 h after the procedure. The signs of hyperadrenocorticism disappeared about two weeks after surgery. One year after having the procedure, the animal remainswell and has no signs of tumor recurrence or Cushing’s syndrome.
Discussion: The choice laparoscopic approach provided less invasiveness in surgical access, reduced animal convalescence, and provided image magnifcation for the more accurate dissection of the adrenal gland. Some reports that middle-aged to older bitches were the most predisposed to present adrenal neoplasm-dependent HAC, and generally, in unilateral form, characteristics which are presented in this report. Among the clinical signs and observed in this report, are polydipsia, polyphagia, tachypnea, alopecia, and skin hyperpigmentation. That recommended the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test to diagnose Cushing’s syndrome and the endogenous ACTH test to distinguish hypophysary from adrenocorticotrophic HAC. The same tests were performed in the case reported here, as these are also important to establish the fnal diagnosi
sand refer the total adrenalectomy realization. In the current case report, access to the right hypogastric region using four videosurgery portals provided good surgical access. Towards the hospital convalescence time, the animal was discharged early, just 48 h post-operatively; remission of HAC clinical signs occurredwithin three weeks, and the survival already
reached 12 months.To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the frst successful case of total right adrenalectomy without caudal vena cava invasion via the laparoscopic route as treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma in the national literature.
Keywords: adrenal gland, neoplasm, videosurgery, dogs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arenas C., Pérez-alenza D. & Melián C. 2013. Clinical features, outcome and prognostic factors in dogs diagnosed with non-cortisol-secreting adrenal tumors without adrenalectomy: 20 cases (1994-2009). Veterinary Record.173:501.

Birchard S.J. 2003. Adrenalectomy. In: Slatter D.H. (Ed). Small Animal Surgery. v.2. 3rd edn. Philadelphia: Saunders, pp.1694-1699.

Fossum T.W. & Caplan E.R. 2013. Surgery of the Adrenal and Pituitary Glands. In: Fossum T.W. (Ed). Small Animal Surgery. 4th edn. St. Louis: Elsevier, pp.637-646.

Caplan R.H., Strutt P.J & Wickus G.G. 2013. Subclinical hormone secretion by incidentally discovered adrenal masses. Archivos Surgery. 129: 291-296.

Lal G. & Duh Q.Y. 2003. Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy - indications and technique. Surgery Oncology. 12: 105-123.

Nelson R.W. 2010. Distúrbios da Glândula Adrenal. In: Nelson R.W. & Couto C.G. (Eds). Medicina Interna de Pequenos Animais. 4.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, pp.812-838.

Nichols R., Peterson M.E. & Muller H.S. 1998. Glândulas Adrenais. In: Birchard S.S. & Sherding R.G. (Eds). Manual Saunders: Clínica de Pequenos Animais. São Paulo: Roca, pp.270.

Peláez M.J., Bouvy B.M. & Dupré G.P. 2008. Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Treatment of Unilateral Adrenocortical Carcinomas: Technique, Complications, and Results in Seven Dogs. Veterinary Surgery. 37: 444-453.

Reusch C.E. 2005. Hyperadrenocorticism. In: Ettinger S.J. & Feldman E.C. (Eds). Veterinary Internal Medicine. 6th edn. v.2. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders, pp.1592-1612.

Zografos G.N., Markou A. & Ageli C. 2006. Laparoscopic surgery for adrenal tumors: A retrospective analysis.Hormones. 5: 52-56.

Published

2016-01-01

How to Cite

de Souza, F. W., Gomes, C., Kasper, P. N., de Oliveira, M. T., ScusselFeranti, J. P., TrichesDornbusch, P., Huppes, R. R., Daniel, L. L., Brun, M. V., Sprada, A. G., & Pazzini, J. M. (2016). Right Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in a Bitch. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 44(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.84720

Issue

Section

Case Report

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3 4 > >>